???????? ?????

?? ?? ????? ????????, ????? ??????? ??? ???? - ????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????.

??? ????? ????, ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??: ???????? ????
??? ????? ???? ?????, ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??: ???????? ????, ????????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????, ?? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ????, ?? ???????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????.

?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????????
????, ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??. ???????? ?? ???? 170℃ ????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ?? ???, ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? 70℃ ????? ??? ?? - ?? ???????? ??? ???????. ?????? ???? ???, 110℃ ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???, ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????. ?? ???, ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??, ???? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???. ????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????. ???, ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ????, ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????.


R2-R3 ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????
??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????. ??????????????? ???, ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?? ???, ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???. ?? ???, ?? ??? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???, ?? ???????????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????????????? ??????????? ???? ????. ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????, ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????. ????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????, ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????????????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????. ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ???, ???????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????. ???????? ??????? ????????????? ???? ?????: ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? 45-60℃ ?? ???, ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? 110℃ ??? 190℃ ????? ?????? ????. ?????? ????????????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ?? GB/T 8174-2008 ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??.

???????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??.
????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ????, ??? ???????? "??? ?? ??? ??????? ??????" ??????? ????: ????? ???????? ????????? (??? ??? ????????, ??, ????? ????????) ????????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????, ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????, ??? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????. ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????: ??? ??????? ????????????, ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???, ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???, ??? ??????????? ??? 120℃-200℃ ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???. ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???, ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???, ????? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? 35℃-45℃ ????? ??? ??? ???. —— ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ???, ???????? ?????? ???? ??? 40℃ ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???, ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???. ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ???, ??????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????.

????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????: ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???-?? ????
????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????: ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???-?? ????
?????? ?? ??? ????? ????: ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????

???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????
??????? ?????????? "???? ????????" ??? ??????, ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????, ???????? ??? ?????, ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ??????? "????????? ???????" ??. ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???, ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ??. ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????, ???? ????????, ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??. ?????????, ????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???, ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ???, ????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??.

????????? ??????? ???????: ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????
????? ??? ????????????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????. ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????. ????????-???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???, ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? - ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ??. ??????????? ?????????????? ?????, ??????? ??????? ???????? ????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ? ??. ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??.

??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????????????.
??? ???? ????????????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????????????. ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ???, ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????????????? ???????? ???, ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????-???????? ?????? ?????? ??.
????????? ??????????? ??? ?????. ?????, ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????, ???? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????. ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ? ??. ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????, ?????? ???????, ???? ?????, ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????. ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????.










